FCA Consumer Duty: Focus on consumer protection, regulatory clarity, and market growth.

December 20, 2025

FCA Consumer Duty: Focus on consumer protection, regulatory clarity, and market growth.

  • December 2025 has proven to be a pivotal month for UK regulation. The FCA has released a series of Policy Statements and Consultation Papers that transition several long-running themes—Culture, Consumer Duty, and Crypto—into a final, enforceable state.
    1. Non-Financial Misconduct: Culture as a ControlOn 12 December 2025, the FCA published PS 25/23, confirming final guidance on non-financial misconduct (NFM). The rules, which come into force on 1 September 2026, clarify that serious bullying, harassment, and violence are breaches of the Conduct Rules (COCON).

    • Key Shift: The FCA has provided a "materiality" threshold for private conduct, focusing on whether an individual's private actions demonstrate a "willingness to disregard ethical or legal obligations."
    • Next Steps: Review disciplinary policies to ensure definitions of harassment and bullying align with the new COCON 1.1.7FR rule. Managers should be trained on the new decision flowcharts provided in the guidance.
    2. Mortgage Market of the FutureThe FCA’s 15 December 2025 announcement outlines a roadmap to help first-time buyers and later-life borrowers. The regulator is pivoting toward a more "tech-positive" framework that supports AI-assisted advice and execution-only sales.
    • Key Shift: A focused Market Study on later-life lending will begin in Q1 2026 to ensure lifetime mortgages are meeting consumer needs.
    • Next Steps: Lenders should participate in the upcoming consultations and review their "Later Life" advice journeys to ensure they meet the modern accessibility standards.
    3. Consumer Protection ToolkitThe Consumer Duty remains the "north star" for the FCA. Recent focus has shifted to transparency in charges and fair value for SME business accounts.
    • Key Shift: The FCA is moving away from prescriptive rules and toward using its "supervisory toolkit," such as Section 166 (Skilled Persons) reviews and attestations from Senior Managers.
    • Next Steps: Firms should benchmark their Fair Value Assessments against the "Good and Poor Practice" examples published by the FCA throughout 2025.
    4. Crypto Regulation: The 2027 RoadmapWith the release of CP25/40-42, the FCA has provided the blueprint for bringing cryptoassets fully within the financial services perimeter by October 2027.
    • Key Shift: The introduction of the Market Abuse Regime for Cryptoassets (MARC) and new prudential capital requirements for crypto firms.
    • Next Steps: Crypto-asset firms must review their capital mapping against the CP25/42 proposals and submit consultation feedback by 12 February 2026.
    5. Insurance Rule Simplification: Immediate ReliefConfirmed on 9 December 2025 (PS 25/21), these changes are effective immediately. The goal is to reduce the "one size fits all" burden on commercial insurers.
    • Key Shift: The 12-month mandatory product review is gone, replaced by a risk-based frequency. Additionally, co-manufacturers can now appoint a "Lead Firm" to handle fair value assessments.
    • Next Steps: Review co-manufacturer contracts to identify if a "Lead Firm" arrangement could reduce your operational overhead. Update your product governance framework to reflect risk-based review cycles.
    6. Bespoke Market Risk Rules for Non-BanksThe FCA is exploring a shift away from bank-style capital rules for non-bank trading firms, acknowledging that their failure poses a lower risk to the wider system.
    • Key Shift: Proposals include margin-based approaches or weighted liquid exposure methods to replace rigid capital floors.
    • Next Steps: Non-bank trading firms should evaluate how these "bespoke" rules could unlock capital and respond to the call for feedback by 10 February 2026.
  • Headline Why it matters Next 30 days actions
    FCA sets out proposals to make ESG ratings more transparent (12/1/2025) FCA aims to increase trust in ESG ratings by introducing a voluntary code of conduct and clearer regulatory oversight frameworks.
    • Review ESG data sources.
    • Assess rating provider relationships.
    • Update sustainability disclosures.
    FCA censures Institute of Certified Bookkeepers (12/2/2025) Highlights weaknesses in industry AML supervision, emphasizing the need for professional body supervisors to maintain robust oversight.
    • Review AML supervision gaps.
    • Test staff training levels.
    • Strengthen monitoring controls.
    Pause on motor finance complaints (12/3/2025) Firms must prepare for a restart of motor finance complaints handling as the pause extension provides time for the outcome of the Court of Appeal decision.
    • Review complaint backlogs.
    • Update consumer communication plans.
    • Prepare operational capacity.
    FCA helps firms to test AI safely (12/3/2025) FCA will support firms in safe AI experimentation through the Digital Sandbox and Innovation Pathways to foster responsible innovation.
    • Review AI risk frameworks.
    • Identify AI models needing testing.
    • Engage with FCA pilot opportunities.
    FCA simplifies complaints reporting (12/3/2025) New reporting changes reduce burden and streamline data collection, requiring firms to adapt their regulatory return processes.
    • Update reporting procedures.
    • Train staff on new process.
    • Test system changes.
    Establishing a bond consolidated tape (12/3/2025) FCA moves forward with bond consolidated tape provider plans to improve market data transparency and competitiveness in fixed income.
    • Prepare for bond tape changes.
    • Assess data needs.
    • Engage in consultations.
    ESE Capital Limited FRN 469499 – firm enters liquidation (12/3/2025) Highlights governance and financial stability risks, serving as a warning on capital adequacy and orderly wind-down planning.
    • Review counterparty exposure.
    • Communicate with impacted clients.
    • Check risk oversight gaps.
    FCA consults on reducing late fees (12/5/2025) FCA proposes lower late fees to reduce administrative burdens on smaller firms while maintaining incentives for timely reporting.
    • Review regulatory return submission timelines.
    • Assess impact of reduced late fees.
    • Update internal compliance calendars.
    FCA sets out landmark package to boost UK investment culture (12/8/2025) FCA launches reforms aimed at improving the attractiveness of UK markets, focusing on listing rules and investor engagement.
    • Review product alignment with investment reforms.
    • Brief senior leadership on package details.
    • Assess consumer communications.
    Hearing date – FCA's application to distribute investor fund (12/8/2025) Court process progresses for distribution of recovered funds to investors, a key step in concluding long-running enforcement cases.
    • Monitor hearing outcomes.
    • Review investor communications.
    • Check exposure to related cases.
    FCA simplifies insurance rules and plans further reviews (12/9/2025) Simplification aims to reduce complexity in the insurance rulebook, potentially lowering compliance costs while maintaining protection.
    • Review updated insurance requirements.
    • Identify compliance simplifications.
    • Prepare for future rule reviews.
    Sophie Hutcherson reappointed as Non-Executive Director to FCA Board (12/9/2025) Board continuity supports regulatory stability and consistent strategic direction for the FCA's long-term transformation plans.
    • Note governance continuity.
    • Monitor board priorities.
    • Update regulatory horizon scanning.
    FCA launches Firm Checker to fight financial crime (12/10/2025) New tool supports firms and consumers in verifying the legitimacy of financial entities, strengthening defenses against scams.
    • Integrate Firm Checker into onboarding.
    • Update financial crime procedures.
    • Train staff on tool usage.
    Stablecoin payments a priority for 2026 (12/10/2025) FCA confirms stablecoins as a core payments priority, signaling upcoming detailed rulemaking for digital assets in payments.
    • Review stablecoin exposure.
    • Assess payments strategy.
    • Update digital asset governance.
    Motor insurance pricing and local areas (12/10/2025) FCA analysis raises fairness and data risks regarding how location data impacts motor insurance pricing, hinting at future scrutiny.
    • Review pricing model inputs.
    • Assess fairness risks.
    FCA confirms final guidance to tackle non-financial misconduct (12/12/2025) New guidance reinforces the FCA's commitment to improving culture by addressing non-financial misconduct.
    • Review internal policies on non-financial misconduct.
    • Ensure staff training and awareness.
    FCA sets out plans to help build mortgage market of future (12/15/2025) FCA outlines strategies for increasing access and innovation in the mortgage market.
    • Align product offerings with FCA's future mortgage market expectations.
    Using our full toolkit to help consumers (12/15/2025) FCA outlines its toolkit for empowering consumers and ensuring fair treatment.
    • Review how your firm aligns with FCA consumer protection priorities.
    Closure of investigation into Mirabella Advisers LLP (12/15/2025) FCA closes investigation after assessing evidence, signaling the conclusion of this specific enforcement action.
    • Review any similar exposure to firms under investigation.
    FCA announces new members of its Sustainable Finance Advisory Committee (12/15/2025) New committee members to advise on sustainable finance, indicating continued focus on ESG strategy.
    • Stay informed on committee outputs.
    • Align sustainable finance strategies.
    FCA seeks feedback on proposals for UK crypto rules (12/16/2025) FCA seeks industry feedback to shape comprehensive crypto regulation in the UK.
    • Participate in consultations on crypto rules.
    • Review internal crypto strategies.
    Bespoke market risk rules could unlock growth (12/16/2025) New tailored market risk rules are expected to support growth and competitiveness.
    • Review bespoke market risk rules for your firm's exposure.
    Open banking: a year of progress (12/16/2025) FCA highlights progress and improvements in open banking, setting the stage for future developments.
    • Review your firm's involvement in Open Banking.
    • Assess future opportunities.
    FCA welcomes reform to the UK Benchmarks Regulation (12/17/2025) FCA supports reforms that aim to improve benchmark regulation and market integrity.
    • Update your firm's benchmarks and pricing models in line with reforms.
    FCA expands insurance work in response to super-complaint (12/18/2025) FCA extends its insurance work to address issues raised in the super-complaint regarding value and service.
    • Review your firm's insurance product offerings.
    • Ensure compliance with new expectations.
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